If you didn’t have a credit card (not prepaid credit card), you would have to visit a Koodo store to sign up for a postpaid service. You could bring IDs for them to do a credit check for you.

More here https://www.koodomobile.com/en/help/credit-check-requirements

Sometimes, the store have a promotion to waive your connection fee. However, you have to ask them to confirm first.

How did you get past the credit check without a credit card online? 

Just to add to this, at step 2 of the credit check it requires a credit card that isn’t a visa debit so you would’ve required one then.